{"id":3917,"date":"2023-08-05T17:06:21","date_gmt":"2023-08-05T17:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bulutistan.com\/blog\/?p=3917"},"modified":"2024-01-20T10:28:12","modified_gmt":"2024-01-20T10:28:12","slug":"dogrusal-linear-regresyon-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bulutistan.com\/blog\/dogrusal-linear-regresyon-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011frusal (Linear) Regresyon Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta birbiriyle ili\u015fkili bir\u00e7ok nicelik vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, meyvelerin fiyat\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilidir, birinin kilosu boyuyla ili\u015fkili olabilir veya Fahrenheit Santigrat derece cinsinden kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Birbiriyle ili\u015fkili olabilecek iki say\u0131 k\u00fcmeniz varsa, bunlar\u0131 ili\u015fkilendiren denklemi bulman\u0131z gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130li\u015fkinin do\u011frusal oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, bu noktada do\u011frusal regresyon kullanabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peki do\u011frusal regresyon nedir?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-linear-regresyon-nedir\">Do\u011frusal (Linear) Regresyon Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p><b>Do\u011frusal (linear) regresyon<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir de\u011fi\u015fken ile ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fken aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan istatistiksel bir tekniktir. Analizinizde birden fazla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken oldu\u011funda, bu \u00e7oklu do\u011frusal regresyon olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki denklem ile ifade edebiliriz:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yi=\u03b20+\u03b21Xi+\u03f5i<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu denklem, tek bir a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken olmas\u0131 durumunda basit do\u011frusal regresyon, birden fazla a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken olmas\u0131 durumunda ise, \u00e7oklu do\u011frusal regresyon olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regresyon analizinde, \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri bularak pop\u00fclasyonun geneli hakk\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlarda bulunmak ama\u00e7lan\u0131r. Regresyon katsay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmek i\u00e7in genellikle OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. OLS, hatalar\u0131n karelerinin toplam\u0131n\u0131 minimize ederek en iyi katsay\u0131lar\u0131 bulur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bulutistan hizmetlerinin detaylar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bulutistan.com\/cloud\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyon-icin-varsayimlar\">Do\u011frusal Regresyon i\u00e7in Varsay\u0131mlar<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyonu uygulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ko\u015fullar\u0131 kontrol etmeniz gerekir:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-nicel-degisken-kosulu\">1. Nicel de\u011fi\u015fken ko\u015fulu<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Korelasyon yaln\u0131zca her iki de\u011fi\u015fkenin de nicel olmas\u0131 durumunda ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-yeterince-duz-olma-kosulu\">2. Yeterince d\u00fcz olma ko\u015fulu<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m grafi\u011fine bak\u0131n ve verilerinizin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fkiye sahip oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Korelasyon yaln\u0131zca do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fkinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7er.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-aykiri-deger-durumu\">3. Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fer durumu<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferler korelasyonu bozabilir. Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferler mevcut oldu\u011funda, en iyi yol, ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferleri i\u00e7eren bir korelasyon ve ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferleri i\u00e7ermeyen ba\u015fka bir korelasyon hesaplamakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyon-hakkinda-notlar\">Do\u011frusal Regresyon Hakk\u0131nda Notlar<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyonun ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 do\u011frusall\u0131k varsay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 test etmektir. Bu, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in de\u011ferleri da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m grafi\u011fi olarak bilinen bir grafikte \u00e7izerek ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Veriler \u00fcstel olarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, regresyon denklemini olu\u015fturman\u0131n bir anlam\u0131 yoktur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frunun matematiksel denklemi y=a+bx+\u03b5 \u015feklindedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b &#8211; Do\u011frunun e\u011fimi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a &#8211; x=0 oldu\u011funda y-kesi\u015fimi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rastgele hata (\u03b5-Epsilon) &#8211; Belirli bir x de\u011feri i\u00e7in y&#8217;nin g\u00f6zlenen de\u011feri ile y&#8217;nin ortalama de\u011feri aras\u0131ndaki fark.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"basit-bir-dogrusal-regresyon-modeli-icin-formul\">Basit Bir Do\u011frusal Regresyon Modeli \u0130\u00e7in Form\u00fcl<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit do\u011frusal regresyon analizinde yer alan iki fakt\u00f6r x ve y olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Y&#8217;nin x ile nas\u0131l ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan denklem regresyon modeli olarak bilinir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit do\u011frusal regresyon modeli a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilir:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">y = \u03b20 +\u03b21x+\u03b5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyon modeli, \u03b5 ile temsil edilen bir hata terimi i\u00e7erir. Hata terimi, x ve y aras\u0131ndaki do\u011frusal ili\u015fki ile a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan y de\u011fi\u015fkenli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u03b5 olmasayd\u0131, bu, x&#8217;in bilinmesinin y de\u011ferini belirlemek i\u00e7in yeterli bilgi sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ayr\u0131ca incelenen pop\u00fclasyonu temsil eden parametreler de vard\u0131r. Modelin bu parametreleri \u03b20 ve \u03b21 ile temsil edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit do\u011frusal regresyon denklemi d\u00fcz bir \u00e7izgi olarak grafiklendirilir, bu grafikte;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03b20 regresyon do\u011frusunun y-kesi\u015fimidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03b21 e\u011fimdir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0395(y), belirli bir x de\u011feri i\u00e7in y&#8217;nin ortalama veya beklenen de\u011feridir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir regresyon \u00e7izgisi pozitif do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki, negatif do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki g\u00f6sterebilir veya hi\u00e7bir ili\u015fki g\u00f6stermeyebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u0130li\u015fki yok:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Basit do\u011frusal regresyonda grafi\u011fi \u00e7izilen \u00e7izgi d\u00fczd\u00fcr (e\u011fimli de\u011fildir). \u0130ki de\u011fi\u015fken aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir ili\u015fki yoktur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Pozitif ili\u015fki:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Regresyon \u00e7izgisi, \u00e7izginin alt ucu grafi\u011fin y-kesi\u015fiminde (ekseninde) olacak \u015fekilde yukar\u0131 do\u011fru e\u011fimlidir ve \u00e7izginin \u00fcst ucu grafik alan\u0131na do\u011fru, x-kesi\u015fiminden (ekseninden) uza\u011fa do\u011fru uzan\u0131r. \u0130ki de\u011fi\u015fken aras\u0131nda pozitif do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Birinin de\u011feri artt\u0131k\u00e7a di\u011ferinin de\u011feri de artar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Negatif ili\u015fki:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Regresyon \u00e7izgisi, \u00e7izginin \u00fcst ucu grafi\u011fin y-kesi\u015fiminde (ekseninde) olacak \u015fekilde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru e\u011fimlidir ve \u00e7izginin alt ucu grafik alan\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, x-kesi\u015fimine (eksenine) do\u011fru uzan\u0131r. \u0130ki de\u011fi\u015fken aras\u0131nda negatif do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Birinin de\u011feri artt\u0131k\u00e7a di\u011ferinin de\u011feri azal\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tahmin-edilen-dogrusal-regresyon-denklemi\">Tahmin Edilen Do\u011frusal Regresyon Denklemi<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pop\u00fclasyonun parametreleri biliniyorsa, bilinen bir x de\u011feri i\u00e7in y&#8217;nin ortalama de\u011ferini hesaplamak i\u00e7in basit do\u011frusal regresyon denklemi kullan\u0131labilir:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0395(y) = \u03b20 +\u03b21x+\u03b5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak uygulamada, parametre de\u011ferleri genellikle bilinmemektedir, bu nedenle pop\u00fclasyonun bir \u00f6rne\u011finden elde edilen veriler kullan\u0131larak tahmin edilmeleri gerekir. Pop\u00fclasyon parametreleri \u00f6rneklem istatistikleri kullan\u0131larak tahmin edilir. \u00d6rneklem istatistikleri \u03b20 ve \u03b21 ile temsil edilir. \u00d6rnek istatistikleri pop\u00fclasyon parametreleri ile yer de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finde, tahmini regresyon denklemi olu\u015fturulur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tahmin edilen regresyon denklemi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(\u0177) = \u03b20 +\u03b21x+\u03b5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tahmin edilen basit regresyon denkleminin grafi\u011fine tahmin edilen regresyon do\u011frusu denir.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03b20 regresyon do\u011frusunun y-kesi\u015fimidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03b21 ise e\u011fimdir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(\u0177), belirli bir x de\u011feri i\u00e7in y&#8217;nin tahmini de\u011feridir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyon-ne-zaman-kullanilir\">Do\u011frusal Regresyon Ne Zaman Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit do\u011frusal regresyonda, tek bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkeni tahmin etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan tek bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. \u00c7oklu do\u011frusal regresyonda ise tek bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkeni tahmin etmek i\u00e7in birden fazla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda, basit ve \u00e7oklu regresyon aras\u0131ndaki temel fark a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin, mahsul verim oran\u0131n\u0131 bir mevsimdeki ya\u011f\u0131\u015f oran\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken do\u011frusal regresyon kullanabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyon-neden-kullanilir\">Do\u011frusal Regresyon Neden Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyon, regresyon analizi yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da regresyon analizinin kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tahmin edicilerin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc belirlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur: Bu teknik sat\u0131\u015f ve pazarlamada kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc analiz, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc ve sonu\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fkeni (yani doz ve etki) aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi anlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tahmin yoluyla etkiyi \u00f6ng\u00f6rme: Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkendeki de\u011fi\u015fim, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkende bir farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa neden olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc pazarlamak i\u00e7in daha fazla para harcarsan\u0131z, bu durum sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 veya azalmas\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trend analizi \/ tahmin: Regresyon analizi, \u00f6zellikle fiyatlarda dalgalanmalar\u0131n ve enflasyonun oldu\u011fu hisse senedi piyasas\u0131nda gelecekteki e\u011filimleri tahmin etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyon-turleri\">Do\u011frusal Regresyon T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki listede 5 t\u00fcr do\u011frusal regresyon t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bulabilirsiniz:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-basit-dogrusal-regresyon\">1. Basit Do\u011frusal Regresyon<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basit regresyonda bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken (aral\u0131k veya oran), bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken (aral\u0131k veya oran veya ikili) vard\u0131r. \u00d6rnek olarak bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun boyunun her b\u00fcy\u00fcme y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi verilebilir. Bunun gibi bir\u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rne\u011fi basit do\u011frusal regresyon alt\u0131nda kategorize edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-coklu-dogrusal-regresyon\">2. \u00c7oklu Do\u011frusal Regresyon<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7oklu regresyon, iki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken ve bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken oldu\u011funda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken \u00fczerinde nas\u0131l bir etkiye sahip oldu\u011funu bu sayede belirleyebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7oklu regresyonda, x&#8217;i bir dizi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken (x1, x2&#8230;) ve Y&#8217;yi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken olarak varsayabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca bir regresyon de\u011fi\u015fkeninin e\u011fimi olarak b&#8217;ye sahip olursunuz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da x ve y aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi temsil eden denklemi bulabilirsiniz:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y = a + b1x1 + b2x2 + \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7oklu regresyon analizi yap\u0131l\u0131rken de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin se\u00e7imi de \u00f6nemlidir. Bir model olu\u015fturmadan \u00f6nce \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin ve \u00f6nemsiz de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin neler oldu\u011funu anlaman\u0131z gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-lojistik-regresyon\">3. Lojistik Regresyon<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lojistik regresyon, bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken ve iki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken oldu\u011funda yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7oklu ve lojistik regresyon aras\u0131ndaki fark, hedef de\u011fi\u015fkenin kesikli olmas\u0131d\u0131r (ikili veya s\u0131ral\u0131 bir de\u011fer). Do\u011frusal regresyonla ilgili sorun, de\u011fi\u015fken de\u011ferinin yaln\u0131zca iki olas\u0131 sonuca sabitlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan lojistik regresyon, belirli bir olay\u0131n meydana gelmesini yans\u0131tan bir olas\u0131l\u0131k puan\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lojistik regresyon, spam e-posta\u2019lar\u0131n tespit edilmesi, bir m\u00fc\u015fterinin kredi tutar\u0131n\u0131n tahmin edilmesi, bir ki\u015finin belirli bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc sat\u0131n al\u0131p almayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 durumda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Lojistik regresyon, bir olay\u0131n meydana gelme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemede kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Lojistik regresyon \u00e7e\u015fitli makine \u00f6\u011frenimi algoritmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-ordinal-regresyon\">4. Ordinal Regresyon<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ordinal regresyon, bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ikili de\u011fi\u015fken ve s\u0131ral\u0131 veya nominal olabilen bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Ordinal regresyon, Genelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f Do\u011frusal Model (GLM) kullan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir ve makine \u00f6\u011frenimi terimlerinde buna s\u0131ralama analizi de denir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pazarlamada ordinal regresyon, bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n bir t\u00fcketicinin ilgili bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc sat\u0131n almas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131p a\u00e7mayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir t\u00fcketici pizza sat\u0131n al\u0131rsa, yan\u0131nda bir me\u015frubat sipari\u015f etme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedir? Bu noktada alkols\u00fcz i\u00e7ece\u011fin miktar\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Me\u015frubat sipari\u015fini, sipari\u015f edilen pizzan\u0131n boyutu ve sipari\u015fle birlikte verilen ikramlar gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler de etkiler.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"5-multinomial-regresyon\">5. Multinomial Regresyon<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multinomial regresyon, bir nominal ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken ve oran, aral\u0131k veya ikili olan bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken \u00fczerinde yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multinomial regresyona \u00f6rnek olarak, ebeveynin mesle\u011fine ve e\u011fitimine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan \u00f6\u011frenciler aras\u0131ndaki mesleki tercihler verilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"regresyon-analizi-neden-onemlidir\">Regresyon Analizi Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki listede regresyon analizinin neden \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa dair bir liste bulabilirsiniz:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regresyon analizi, \u00e7e\u015fitli veri noktalar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi anlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00d6zellikle i\u015f modellerinde \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regresyon analizi ayr\u0131ca tahmin ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Verileri ve aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi anlamak, i\u015fletmelerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine ve belirli e\u011filimleri veya kal\u0131plar\u0131 analiz etmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Bu, i\u015fletmelere yeni i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fcler sa\u011flayabilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Veri noktalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerken, regresyon analizi bir \u015firketin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya ve hatalardan ka\u00e7\u0131narak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Bu t\u00fcr bir analiz, piyasaya yeni bir \u00fcr\u00fcn s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirlemede yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regresyon analizi ayr\u0131ca \u015firketin maksimum verimlilik sa\u011flamas\u0131na ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini iyile\u015ftirmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyonun-sinirlamalari\">Do\u011frusal Regresyonun S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyon en pop\u00fcler modellerden biridir. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fkiye sahip oldu\u011funu bildi\u011fimizde, basitli\u011fi ve yorumlama kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bu en iyi se\u00e7enektir. Bununla birlikte, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-bazi-durumlarda-basittir\">1. Baz\u0131 durumlarda basittir<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyon modeli, temel ko\u015fullar sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenler aras\u0131nda do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki olan veriler i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmeldir. Ancak durum her zaman b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Bir\u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya uygulamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle de zaman serisi verileriyle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal olmayan ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7in (art\u0131k grafi\u011finizde bir e\u011fri g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde), lojistik regresyon kullanmak daha iyi bir se\u00e7enek olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zaman serisi verileri i\u00e7in do\u011frusal regresyon modelinin temel varsay\u0131m\u0131, altta yatan serinin dura\u011fan olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu, orijinal haliyle dura\u011fan olmayan \u00e7o\u011fu ekonomik seri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-aykiri-degerlere-duyarlilik\">2. Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferlere duyarl\u0131l\u0131k<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyon modeli, katsay\u0131lar\u0131 tahmin etmek i\u00e7in OLS modelini kullan\u0131r. Bu model, hatalar\u0131n karesel toplam\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirerek en uygun do\u011fruyu bulur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ana nokta k\u00fcmesinden uzakta olan herhangi bir g\u00f6zlem karesel bir etkiye sahip olacakt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferler modelin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahip olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-yetersiz-uyum-egilimli\">3. Yetersiz uyum e\u011filimli<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yetersiz uyum, bir model verilerin alt\u0131nda yatan yap\u0131y\u0131 yeterince yakalayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Do\u011frusal regresyon modelinin tan\u0131m\u0131nda yer alan \u00e7e\u015fitli varsay\u0131mlar nedeniyle, ger\u00e7ek hayattaki uygulamalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yakalayamaz. Bu t\u00fcr durumlarda bu modelin do\u011frulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-karmasik-modellere-asiri-uyum\">4. Karma\u015f\u0131k modellere a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 uyum<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yetersiz uyumun aksine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 uyum, model verilere \u00e7ok iyi uydu\u011funda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bu y\u00fczden test verilerinde iyi performans g\u00f6stermez. Do\u011frusal regresyonda bu genellikle model \u00e7ok say\u0131da parametreyle \u00e7ok karma\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011funda ve veriler \u00e7ok az oldu\u011funda meydana gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sonu\u00e7 olarak, do\u011frusal regresyon finans, ekonomi, t\u0131p, spor vb. gibi bir\u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131lan basit ama g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir modeldir. Bu modelin arkas\u0131ndaki varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 ve nerede yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak, onu daha iyi kullanmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bulutistan hizmetlerinin detaylar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bulutistan.com\/cloud\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dogrusal-regresyon-hakkinda-sikca-sorulan-sorular\">Do\u011frusal Regresyon Hakk\u0131nda S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"1-dogrusal-regresyon-nedir\">1. Do\u011frusal regresyon nedir?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do\u011frusal regresyon, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fken ile bir veya daha fazla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi tan\u0131mlayan en iyi d\u00fcz \u00e7izgiyi bulmaktan olu\u015fan istatistiksel bir tekniktir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-regresyon-dogrusu-nedir\">2. Regresyon do\u011frusu nedir?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regresyon do\u011frusu, iki de\u011fi\u015fken aras\u0131ndaki do\u011frusal davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 en iyi tan\u0131mlayan ve ondan tahminler yapman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan do\u011frudur.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-dogrusal-regresyon-bir-siniflandirma-algoritmasi-midir\">3. Do\u011frusal regresyon bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma algoritmas\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hay\u0131r, do\u011frusal regresyon bir regresyon algoritmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-dogrusal-regresyon-ne-zaman-kullanilir\">4. Do\u011frusal regresyon ne zaman kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Verilerinizin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m grafi\u011fi do\u011frusal bir davran\u0131\u015fa sahip oldu\u011funda, do\u011frusal regresyonu kullanabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta birbiriyle ili\u015fkili bir\u00e7ok nicelik vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, meyvelerin fiyat\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilidir, birinin kilosu boyuyla ili\u015fkili olabilir veya&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3918,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_appearance_grid":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Do\u011frusal (Linear) Regresyon Nedir? 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